# <span style="color:#0014ff">It's just beginning</span>
### <span style="background-color:#3cff69">EU policy and the rise of open products</span>
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<iframe src="https://okfn.de/en/" width="500" height="500px"></iframe>
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<iframe src="https://open-hardware-allianz.de/en/" width="500" height="500px"></iframe>
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### <span style="background-color:#3cff69">Open Source Hardware is not dead, it's just beginning.</span>
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<span style="background-color:#3cff69">**Circular Economy means**</span>: "‘decoupling’ of resource use from economic growth"
<p style="text-align:right; font-size:10px"><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921344917302756">Reike et al. 2018. The circular economy: New or Refurbished as CE 3.0?, S. 247.</a></p>
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Circularity requires cooperation and <span style="background-color:#3cff69">**information**</span> is necessary in order to cooperate.
<p style="text-align:right; font-size:10px">Zimmermann and Voigt, 2023; Calisto Friant, Vermeulen and Salomone, 2020; Bonvoisin, 2017</p>
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<p style="text-align:right; font-size:10px"><a href="https://www.researchgate.net/figure/The-9R-Framework-Source-Adapted-from-Potting-et-al-2017-p5_fig1_320074659">Kirchherr et al. 2017. Conceptualizing the Circular Economy: An Analysis of 114 Definitions, P. 224.</a></p>
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## Pressure to act
* The EU is working on measures as part of the Circular Economy Action Plan
* Ecodesign Regulation <span style="background-color:#3cff69">ESPR</span>
* Horizontal validity
* <span style="background-color:#3cff69">Product-specific regulations</span>
* Introduction of digital product passports (<span style="background-color:#3cff69">DPP</span>)
* “Right to repair”
* DE: National Circular Economy Strategy
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### [Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32024R1781&qid=1719580391746)
"*<span style="background-color:#3cff69">ease of repair and maintenance</span>, as expressed through characteristics, availability, delivery time and affordability of spare parts, <span style="background-color:#3cff69">modularity</span>, compatibility with commonly available tools and spare parts, <span style="background-color:#3cff69">availability of repair and maintenance instructions</span>, number of materials and components used, <span style="background-color:#3cff69">use of standard components</span>...*"
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### [Ecodesign requirements for smartphones](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A32023R1670)
1. a disassembly map or <span style="background-color:#3cff69">exploded view</span>;
2. <span style="background-color:#3cff69">wiring and connection diagrams</span>, as required for failure analysis;
3. <span style="background-color:#3cff69">electronic board diagrams</span>;
4. a list of necessary repair and test equipment;
5. technical manual of instructions for repair, including marking of the individual steps;
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**Open source hardware** as a model for circular design
*"Open source hardware is hardware <span style="background-color:#3cff69">**whose design is made publicly available**</span> so that anyone can <span style="background-color:#3cff69">**study**</span>, <span style="background-color:#3cff69">**modify**</span>, distribute, <span style="background-color:#3cff69">**make**</span>, and sell the design or hardware based on that design.”*
<p style="text-align:right; font-size:10px"><a href="https://www.oshwa.org/definition/">CC-BY-SA 4.0 OSHWA</a></p>
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#### <span style="background-color:#3cff69">[MNT Reform - "The Ultimate Open Hardware Laptop"](https://shop.mntre.com/products/mnt-reform)</span>
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#### <span style="background-color:#3cff69">[re:Mix - "circular blender for your own glass jars"](https://www.openfunk.co/)</span>
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#### <span style="background-color:#3cff69">[Teufel MYND - "A new generation of speakers"](https://teufel.de/mynd-107002004)</span>
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### <span style="background-color:#3cff69">Thanks</span>
<img style="width:30%;" src="https://cyber4edu.org/pads/uploads/36b67177-2aa6-4273-b224-8dfd0f2370c4.png">
<div style="text-align: left; padding-left: 35%; font-size: 20px;">
<a href="https://chaos.social/@mavo"><img style="border-style:none; height: 30px;" src="https://cyber4edu.org/pads/uploads/63cf3ef8-cded-455f-8ff8-8acb6ae4b278.png"/>  @mavo@chaos.social</a></br><a href="mailto:maximilian.voigt@okfn.de"><img style="border-style:none; height: 30px;" src="https://cyber4edu.org/pads/uploads/3211ff82-0d56-4deb-aee2-d0c0d4242035.png"/>  maximilian.voigt@okfn.de</a></br>
<a href="https://ogy.de/fab25">Slides: ogy.de/fab25</a></br>
</div>
<p style=" font-size:10px;">Unless otherwise stated, the content of this presentation is licenced under <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC BY 4.0</a>.</p>
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